Understanding the EWS1 Form: What It Is and Which Properties Need It

In recent years, the External Wall Fire Review process, commonly known as the EWS1 form, has gained prominence in the UK property market, particularly in the wake of the Grenfell Tower tragedy. This article aims to provide clarity on what the EWS1 form is, why it’s required, and which types of properties need it.

What is the EWS1 Form?

The EWS1 form is a standardized assessment process used to evaluate the external wall systems of high-rise residential buildings in the UK. It was introduced by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS), in collaboration with other industry stakeholders, to provide consistency and clarity regarding fire safety assessments.

Why is it Required?

The primary purpose of the EWS1 form is to assess the fire risk associated with the external wall system of a building, particularly in high-rise residential properties. Following the Grenfell Tower fire in 2017, concerns about the use of combustible cladding materials prompted the need for a standardized process to identify and mitigate fire risks in similar buildings.

Types of Properties Requiring the EWS1 Form

The EWS1 form is typically required for high-rise residential buildings that meet specific criteria. These include:

1. High-Rise Buildings: The EWS1 form primarily applies to buildings above a certain height threshold, typically defined as six storeys or 18 meters (whichever is reached first).
2. Construction Materials: Buildings constructed or refurbished using certain cladding materials, such as Aluminium Composite Material (ACM) with a polyethylene core, may trigger the need for an EWS1 assessment due to fire safety concerns.
3. Mortgage Lender Requirements: Some mortgage lenders require an EWS1 form as part of their lending criteria for properties in high-rise buildings, regardless of whether there are known fire safety issues. This requirement aims to ensure that buildings meet acceptable safety standards and do not pose a financial risk to lenders.

How the EWS1 Process Works

The EWS1 process involves a thorough assessment of the external wall system by a qualified professional, typically a chartered surveyor or fire engineer. The assessment examines various factors, including the type of cladding materials used, their fire resistance properties, and the overall fire safety measures in place.

The assessment results in one of three outcomes:

1. Pass: The external wall system is deemed to meet acceptable fire safety standards, and no further action is required.
2. Fail: Significant fire safety issues are identified, such as the presence of combustible cladding materials, and remedial action is necessary to address the risks.
3. Conditional Pass: Some fire safety concerns are identified, but they may be mitigated through additional measures or ongoing monitoring. Further assessment or remediation may be required.

Impact on Property Owners and Buyers

For property owners, the outcome of an EWS1 assessment can have significant implications. A pass provides assurance of fire safety compliance and may facilitate mortgage lending and property sales. Conversely, a fail or conditional pass can lead to financial burdens associated with remediation costs, reduced property values, and challenges with mortgage financing and insurance.

For prospective buyers, the EWS1 form is an essential consideration when purchasing property, especially in high-rise buildings. Buyers should carefully review the assessment results and consider the potential implications for safety, financing, and resale value before proceeding with a purchase.

Conclusion

The EWS1 form plays a crucial role in assessing and mitigating fire risks in high-rise residential buildings in the UK. By providing a standardized process for evaluating external wall systems, the EWS1 aims to enhance fire safety and provide clarity for property owners, buyers, and mortgage lenders. Understanding the purpose of the EWS1 form and its requirements helps ensure that buildings meet acceptable safety standards and mitigate fire risks effectively.